The Guide To Types Of Sand Washing Machine In Sri Lanka

In Sri Lanka, the sand washing machine is a type of equipment designed for processing sand and aggregates, effectively enhancing cleanliness and product quality. It is widely applied across various industries, including quarries, mining, building materials, transportation, chemicals, water conservancy, hydropower, and concrete mixing plants. Common models include spiral sand washers, bucket wheel sand washers, drum sand washers, and vibrating sand washers.

1. Spiral Sand Washing Machine

The spiral sand washer utilizes water buoyancy for classification. Its operation is based on the principle that solid particles with different specific gravities exhibit varying settling speeds in liquid.

The screw sand washer features a rotor with a central structure. Spiral blades are mounted on the central shaft, which is driven by a reducer. The unit must be installed on a flat incline. The lower section of the tank is enclosed by three-sided weirs to create a settling basin, with the screw heads submerged within it. The motor drives the screw via the reducer in continuous rotation, directing clean water through the perforated plate at the bottom of the settling basin.

2. Wheel Sand Washing Machine

The motor drives the impeller to rotate slowly after deceleration via V-belts, reducers, and gears. Sand and gravel enter through the feed chute, where they roll and grind under the impeller action. This process removes surface impurities from the gravel and breaks down moisture layers covering the sand. Simultaneously, water is added to create a strong flow that promptly flushes out low-density impurities and foreign objects, discharging them through the overflow tank. Blades lift the cleaned sand and gravel, finally depositing them from the rotating impeller into the discharge chute to complete the washing process.

Because the transmission components of the bucket wheel sand washer are isolated from water and sand, its failure rate is relatively low.

3. Drum Sand Washing Machine

Also known as a rotary stone sand washer, this machine features a reducer that is continuously raised and lowered by motor drive. Cleaned aggregates are screened and dewatered at the discharge end before being discharged. Wastewater containing sludge exits through the discharge port or the porous baffle at the feed end.

The working process can be summarized as raw material storage, transportation, cleaning, finished product transport, sewage sedimentation, and reuse. While drum-type washing machines require significant amounts of water, they offer very high output capacity.

4. Vibratory Sand Washing Machine

The machine comprises an upper eccentric block, circular vibration mechanism, motor, and other structural components. The motor drives the screening box to vibrate, enabling automatic separation and cleaning.

This vibratory sand washer is primarily used in high-standard construction projects such as highways, railways, bridges, and tunnels. It serves as specialized equipment for cleaning sand and gravel. While suitable for washing both fine and coarse materials, it is relatively uncommon. Professional-grade equipment offers high output and low water consumption, though at a higher price point.